My Family Essay

Ever heard the saying, profligate is thicker than water? If yes, you know it means no stick is stronger than your family. In our families we love, serve, t apiece, and capture from apiece opposite. We sh be our joys and our sorrows. Family ties may bring us effortful ch onlyenges, but they excessively tumble us strength and some of our superior happiness. by dint of my own personal perspective, if you seizet exhaust family, you wear upont hand over eachthing. Thinking to yourself, you have it alone, separately time you see them cross your path. job makes you related, loyalty makes you family.Families argon so consequential because we ar born into them, marry into them, and veritable(a) create them among the people we love. They come great and extended or small and at last grow bulge out into a gigantic bunch. except whatso incessantly their size or wherever they live, strong families give us the nurturance and strength we need in dictate to survive. I lay slightlynot express how blessed to have been born into the family I have. Of course no Brady bunch is perfect but i thing is for current, e trulything WE do, we try to do it right.throughout our lives, most of us find ourselves nourishment in two types of families, our family of orientation and our family of rearing. I bet your face expression is awkwardly confused, but let me break it vote down real simple for you. Our family of orientation is the family in which we were born into. We had no cho frappe as to who our p arents would be, and most definitely had no speck what genes we would inherit. We had no say in our earlier(predicate) intellectual stimulation, or in how our aroused or survival needs would be met.I guess you endure say, it is all a content of destiny and who paragon imself wanted to patch you with in regards to the smell he has planned for you. Our family of orientation, however, is the institution that hopefully gave us the sense of stability an d testimonial that we all need. We had to rely on our family of orientation to provide the nutrition, shelter, and assistance in acquisition how to walk, talk, and eat. When at our best, the family t separatelyes the beautifulst things human beings can find from whiz another such as, bounty and love. But, it is all too often where we learn nasty things such as hate, rabies and shame.My family falls deeply into the good traits, my parents are soft and gentle, but can too be cold as ice when it comes to messing with their kids and family divisions. One thing in my family that you obviously do not do, is mess with myself or my younger siblings. I inherited both(prenominal) of their traits equally, I can be as sweet as a exquisite sliced piece of cake, or as cold as walking out on below 0? floor, barefoot. lamentable on to your family of procreation, once you enter into adulthood, you thence find yourself in your family of procreation. The difference among the two is dist inguished.The choices which led up to this family of procreation are only yours. When you marry, you have to involve the star you marry. Factors included with that individuals looks, personality, abilities, knowledge and interests. Sometimes you however perplex what I call, a combo grapple. Pretty self explanatory, your partner may bring along his relatives and sometimes even children. Into what you ask? Into your marriage, thats what. Of course we eer hope and pray, that individual did not bring with him baggage from his family of orientation or previous relationships, but rather positive experiences from one of the other or both.O ne important subject Id love to get a minuscular more than in depth with is the dependable value of a happy family are. As I previously stated, my family is nowhere bordering perfect but we try to do whatever it aspires to keep our heads held high. Although being Mexican-American can pretty much sum up to why we are stuck together care glue at all times. Our goal is really big on staying together, and doing whatever it takes to get to the top as a whole. Growing up my parents taught me a orthodontic braces of unique value to al substances take up at hand.They mean a administrate to me and as a whole, they are the rump I grew up from into who I am today. In our home family set are rules or ideals that, as a family, we tot up to live by and stay received to. Having strong well defined family values answers set the foundation for a strong, tight knit family. When educated long seemly this closeness provides a soft place to fall when life doesnt go according to plan. Strong and consistent family values are important in expression trust and confidence in each family member. I just want to apologize a couple that are important to me and my household, although Im sure you exit obviously relate. We are a very close family, one thing about us, we all want to feel wanted. arrive on, who doesnt want to feel homogene ous they belong? It is important that each member of my family feel that they are loved, that they belong and that they matter. existence a united family could mean that you go through every spare minute together doing family activities but keep in take care that everyone is different. Creating a strong family is great, but each person should be allowed the space and immunity to explore the activities they reckon they may enjoy. pack are braver and more leading to take chances if they know they have a cancelled the hook(predicate) place to come back to when things dont quite formulate out.  Family is not an important thing. Its everything. Im all for order, schedules and structure in my family to help maintain some level of reason. But too much structure and the un get outingingness to give a little can result in a dispense of unhappiness and dislike. The more flexibility you have in decision fashioning, for example, the happier your family will be for it.I know I personally love having a say in everything, sometimes even having the last formulate is all it takes for me to be happy. Imagine one member of the family invariably thinking they are right and enforcing their way of doing things. Flexibility in the family will certainly ease of a little less unhappiness off and bring out the happiness within. * 2 of my favorite and most important family values are think of and honesty. I protest I cannot stress enough how unhinged important these factors are to my parents and although these two are a bit more difficult to define because they hit a ittle more into the heart than others.For my family, to respect each other is to take feelings, thoughts, needs, and preferences in to account when making decisions. It also means acknowledging and valuing everyones thoughts, feelings and contributions to the family as a whole. extol is indeed make and there is a very fine line between it and fear. The only way to earn and keep someones respect is to first show them respect yourself. That is the most important rule in our household. Respect is an important family value will extend out of the home and into school, work or other social settings. satinpod is something I learned the hard way, so many problems entered my life thanks to want of honesty. This is the foundation of any relationships that are meant to last.Mother-daughter, husband-wife, sister-brother. You let on it. Without honesty a deeper connection will not form and certainly wint last. Encourage honesty by practicing under bear outing and respect when someone tells you of their reproach doings. If we lose it and get angry when were told what has happened the other person will be more likely to hide it from you attached time simply to avoid the disrespect. * My parents always taught me to be change no matter what.Giving without thinking whats in it for me is an important value for anyone wanting to be a responsible, contributing member to society. Through gen erosity we build empathy since we tend to think more about what people want or need. Being munificent doesnt mean simply handing over notes to someone in need. It can also include giving your time, love, attention or even some of your possessions. Being generous is the same as being humble with other people around you. Respect your elders, always forgive, take responsibility, and give To procure respect, you must first earn it, in order to earn it, give it determine are essential to living a happy and meaningful life. It is family members who come to your render in the need of hour and stand by you when you feel lonely. They give you mental as well as financial support. You can share your problems if you have any with your family members. So it is family which is more important than anything. So take care of your family, they are all you truly have. A close bond with your family now is a bond that will get stronger as you go. I would never trade my family for anything or anyon e in the world. Where ever I go, Ill make sure they tag along with me.

Case Study †Mr Rakesh Sharma Essay

The case study effrontery is right ab show up a fresh graduate, Mr. Rakesh Sharma joined ripe Industries Ltd. (MIL) in Bangalore as a trainee against a projected va open firecy in the Paints covering subdivision for wiz-year nurture. Mr. Sharma has been performed very fountainhead. The department conductor and the information music director were quelled with his accomplishment in the first twain quarters. However, when stepping in to the third quarter, Mr. Sharma raised an consequence about reduceing his learning stop. The request has non be entertained and Mr. Sharmas fashion started to change and became unacceptable.Counseling session and admonishment letter rush been edit outd to him and the situation did non turn keen. One of the primary objectives of the train Department is to recruit who have best strength and train them to be good persons in different department. The Training private instructor clearly know that Mr. Sharma is a potential trainee bu t he failed to train him in different department and caused Mr. Sharma only have single choice of department to stay on which is the Paint Application Department. The Training charabanc have to struggle on his noetic decision whether to bourneinate or non to terminate Mr. Sharma. at that place argon quintuplet issues discussed in this report. These pentad issues be the briny causes to the occupation that the Training Manage has to make up whether he should terminate Mr. Sharma or non. The five issues are communication, employees carriage, compensation and benefit, participation policy, prepare and development. moreover, we as well as discussed five options to the Training Manager opposite than termination of Mr. Sharma.These five options are apply employee appointee program, training and learn system, giving short period to coming into court mitigatement, reevaluate implementation of Mr. Sharma and communicate and act upon the parties involved. HRM i ssues that cause to the problem give away 1 Communications Effective communication is inbred to line of credit success. You throw out tie grit al more or less every employee issue att lay offance, morale, performance, and productivity to communication, says Fred Holloway, an HR send awayr in Medford, Oregon. Businesses without trenchant staff communication suffer from muzzy profits, poor productivity and poor employee morale. In order to solve many business problems, employees need to be able to meet and cooperate effectively.Good communication can encourage employees to work harder, solve problems in concert and work towards a common goal. It is the short letter of every charabanc to ensure employees and superordinate are communicating effectively with apiece other. In the cases of MIL, we found that in that location is almost communication problems surrounded by shop music director and Mr. Sharma Training Manager and Mr. Sharma as soundly. More interaction / co mmunication between trainees has to be established peculiarly for performance assessment purpose. Reviewing trainee performance once at the end of every quarter is too enormoussighted for training director to review their performance accurately.Trainees performance office not be consistent from time to time and advise competency need to be given to them. Also, training carriage might privation of clearer transforming about their overall performance and problems they faced. Hence, this lack of communication between training manager and trainees including Mr. Sharma caused manager hardly to get a line their actual performances, problem faced and what they unfeignedly want or do they deserve to enjoy more benefit? These are all the grey areas that left out by performances review.Besides, Department Manager should be communicate and discuss with Mr. Sharma before institutionalise a complaint on him to Training Manager. Department Manager obligated to understand employee problem and assist it to cope with problem faced. However, department manager failed to do so. This shows there is lacking of communication between Mr. Sharma and Department Manager. Listening and responding is how we understand the feelings and thoughts of the other person. There is no skill more grave for effective communication than taking into m employ the other person? s perspective. emphasize standing in approximatelyone else? s shoes it volition considerably improve your communication with that person.In this case, Training manager doesnt seem to communicate well with Mr. Sharma when Mr. Sharma voice out his request. The managers reply upon Mr. Sharma is more considered as a perfunctory to Mr. Sharma. This caused Mr. Sharma to feel that the request and problems were not beingness taken seriously by management. As a result, it de-motivated Mr. Sharma to keep on with training. Manager should standing in employees shoes to understand better their choose situation and the ir needs. It sure assists a consider to improve communication between manager and employees.Hence, we suggest that manager should really work out into the function if any of the subordinate especially trainee voicing out opinion and requests. Manager should investigate and evaluate much(prenominal) number deeply upon Mr. Sharmas request to determine whether his performance is good enough to curtail his training period to 7 months and start him as engineer. Also, to look into trainees benefits whether it stretch satisfactory level for trainees or whether the matter is only happened on Mr. Sharma since there is an issue has been voice out by him. spot 2 Employees doings Employees behavior is referring to the way the employee responses toward his/her job. Generally, employees behavior can be classified into all corroborative or negative. A positive behavior indicates a strong mesh engagement towards caller whereas an employee with negative behavior shows low employment en gagement. In this case, one of the issues found is the personal behavior of Mr. Sharma. When Mr. Sharma is being informed that his request to blend a unfaltering employee was disapproved, his view started to change differently.He then started to be travel along de-motivated and started rejecting to perform in some task which assigned to him, sex act that the assigned work should be through with(p) by regular workers instead of a trainee. Such action did not hear any attention in the initial period but it then become erratic and unacceptable at last. We cypher that Mr. Sharma portrait an stance of egoism. Mr. Sharma only focuses on self- interest without being considering for others. In this case, Mr. Sharma essay to demonstrate to the social club by practicing de-motivate attitude in work.Employees in company say to work together as a whole and team work certainly the most important criteria. Unfortunately, Mr. Sharma failed to practice it in this case. Another sub-issue of the case is employment engagement. Mr. Sharma showed a low employment engagement to the company by becoming less bellicose and progressive towards the job as well as refusing to work on some task assigned to him. An employee with low engagement to company eventually lowers down the productivity and efficiency. We think that Mr. Sharma should have a long term view rather just focusing on short term benefits.As a part of the company, he should show an active, progressive and aggressive attitude towards his work to convince training manager that he deserved to curtail his training period and get promoted to regular employee. Issue 3 Compensation and Benefits Compensation and benefits is an effective tool and method to motivate and vantage a employee found on their performance. However, it could be a sensitive issue between employer and employee while discussing the content of the compensation and benefits. In this case study, Mr. Rakesh Sharma requested that his training period b e curtailed to 7 months only and to fellate him as an Engineer.He argued that he had been performing equal a regular employee in the department for the last one quarter. He indicated that he would gain seniority as well as some monetary benefits as the trainees were eligible for a recompense only. The regular employees were eligible for many allowances like conveyance, dearness, house rent, education, etc. which was a straight amount as compared to the stipend give birthing to a trainee. According to Mr. Sharmas request, one of the main factors that he would like to be absorbed as a regular engineer is monetary benefits.Hence, the differences between his on-the-job training benefits and regular employee benefits have caused him to come out with the request. This is also one of the issues that pop off to the eventual problem of termination. Employee compensation is the employee incentives and rewards that can make all the difference when it comes to retaining good workers. Gen erally, compensation and benefits for a regular employee will divided into four categories which are1. Guaranteed deport Monetary reward paid by an employer to an employee based on employee/employer relations. Generally, it also known as basic salary. Besides, there is other pay elements which are paid based solely on employee or employer relations, such as seniority allowance. 2. Variable pay Monetary reward paid by an employer to an employee that is contingent on discretion, performance or results achieved. For example, bonuses, commissions, dearness, and so on. 3. Benefits Programs an employer uses to supplement employees compensation, such as paid time off, medical insurance, company car, and more. 4. Equity-based compensation A plan using the employers share as compensation.The most common examples are stock options. These are the compensations and benefits that will fatherd if you are a regular employees of a company. However, Mr. Sharma is not a regular employee yet as his on-the-job training is relieve on-going and only 5 months left. Hence, he still considered as a trainee in the company. Although a trainee is not an functionary employee of a company, he or she might not have salary. But, trainee may receive compensation and benefits from company. Trainee will receive a fixed compensation of monthly compensation from company.Depends on respective company, some company will afford trainee fringe benefits. For example, they will issue stipend for trainee, free repast is available for trainee. Besides, some company might issue health and medical support for trainee too. Yet, a trainee compensation and benefits are still not persuasive when compare with a regular employee. Same with the case, Mr. Sharma requested to be promoted to a regular engineer is not because of his good performance on the job, it is also because of the compensation and benefits of a regular employee are more sufficient and attractive.

'Biometrics Term Paper\r'

'Biometrics Meredith Thomas straggler University 1 Biometrics, according to Foster, â€Å"is the science of development technology to automatically identify an various(prenominal) ground on physical, biological, and behavioral characteristics. ” in that respect be two classification systems in biometry and they ar: physiologic and behavioral. physiological characteristics mend to fingerprints, facial nerve recognition, DNA, hand geometry, the approach pattern of your body, masthead recognition, etc. Behavioral characteristics pertain to congresswoman recognition, handwriting, the way that you walk, etc.There ar similarly two categories for the economic consumption of this biometric information and they be: admittance nurse, and remote appellation. Access control pertains to the prevention of others from gaining access to information. Remote identification helps to identify a person by means of fingerprints or hand geometry. According to global pledge. org (2 000-2010) they restrain given biometric technologies the following characteristics: Universality: every person should attain the characteristic. People who ar mute or without fingerprints pass on take aim to be accommodated in some way.Uniqueness: Generally, no two people have kindred characteristics. However, identical twins are unattack adequate to distinguish. Permanence: The characteristics should not vary with time. A person’s face, for example, may transmute with age. Collectability: The characteristics essential be easily payable and measurable. Performance: The method must generate accurate results under varied environmental circumstances. Acceptability: The general public must accept the sample collection routines. Nonintrusive methods are more acceptable. Circumvention: The technology should be intemperate to deceive. Now let’s piss more into biometrics! reproduceing is 1 of the most popular physiological characteristics in biometrics. No two people on this earth have the exact alike fingerprint, which helps in distinguishing where a person has been, and what they have touched. Once a criminals fingerprints have been save in IAFIS (the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System), then they are permanently recorded and easily traced. Another physiological characteristic is facial recognition, which is newer to the scene than fingerprints.While it may be whiz of the easiest to use, the environment in which it is apply definitely controls it. A mug-shot is the n hotshotsuch way to capture facial recognition, because it is a controlled environment. One of my favorite physiological characteristics is the use of the iris for identification. According to global security. org (2000-2010), â€Å"The technology is based upon the fact that no two iris patterns are alike (the probability is high than that of fingerprints). The iris is a protected pipe organ which makes the identification possibilities lifelong. Cr iminals may be able to duplicate fingerprints, but not irises. close to behavioral characteristics associated with biometrics are, handwriting and voice recognition. Every person has their own whimsical handwriting, it is measured by the rhythm, pressure, and flow that unrivalled applies to the paper while writing. Voice check mark is tough to analyze, because a person’s voice mixtures if they have a cold, or if they are over-excited, anxious, nervous, afraid. Background noise is as well as a factor. All of the above mentioned characteristics grass be used in access control and remote identification.Iris identification is used more and more often for security purposes in passports, hospitals, high profile building access, etc. 3 There are new and appear technologies in the biometrics field such as: nervure survey, facial thermography, DNA matching, blood pulse, undress elements, nailbed identification, gait recognition, and ear shape. Vein s bath is a non intrusiv e scan of the veins on the back of one’s reach hand, they are very unique patterns that are formed before birth, and only change in size throughout one’s lifetime.Facial thermography is very similar to facial recognition, except an infrared camera is used. struggle elements are an interesting biometric technology because scarcely like fingerprints or irises everyone’s clamber makeup is different. Gait recognition is one technology that I would have never thought of, but it makes a nap of sense. According to globalsecurity. org, â€Å"A person’s musculature essentially limits the variation of motion, and meter requires no contact with the person. One blemish to gait recognition could be absolve fitting clothing, the body is hidden and you cod’t have much to compare. familiar new and different technologies are emerging in the biometrics field. I can’t wait to see what happens in the next ten years, and what I will have to look forwa rd to running(a) with in the future. 4 Foster, Raymond E. (2005). Police Technology. Pearson scholar Hall. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. http://www. globalsecurity. org/security/systems/biometrics. htm Site monitored by John Pike.\r\n'

'Kite Runner Friendship Analysis Essay\r'

'In Khaled Hosseini’s best-selling invention The Kite Runner, twain boys, Hassan and emeer, fuddle a acquaintance that is non as typical as to the highest degree children’s. Although they do carve into a corner that they are the â€Å"sultans of Kabul”, their acquaintance is faded and wizard sided. These boys grew up in Kabul, and although their puerility conversancyship may have seemed give care something out of a book, complete with pomegranate trees and story telling, it was dark and emotionally wearing. A main reason for this was because of the one k nonty difference between these boys, omitting the differences in char subprogramer.\r\nHassan is a Hazara and amir is a Pashtun. For this reason the Afghanistani inn has classified Hassan as a lower human existence and he, on with his father, is in servitude towards ameer and his family. amir’s lack of self-confidence throughout the novel hinders his ability to have a unfeigned booster doseship with Hassan. Eventually amir tries to release away from the power of the graspingy and unseasonable that Hassan has brought into his life. An underlying cause of the problems amir has with his association pertaining to Hassan is that he is green-eyed of Hassan.\r\nThis jealousy causes him to leaven Hassan, and to take advantage of Hassan’s strong loyalty. This is just to adjudicate that Hassan is lower than he is. ameer confirms this by humiliating Hassan to himself, by taking advantage of Hassan’s analphabetism to amuse himself, such as when he convinces Hassan that imbecile meant smart and intelligent. emir is not accomplishing anything by teasing Hassan except that he is establishing that he is smarter. Amir feels that he has to base himself because he lacks acceptance from his father, so he teases Hassan in ordinance to become pleasurable to his father.\r\nAmir once again has to prove to himself that he has the ultimate superiority by test ing Hassan when he tells him to eat dirt. Hassan says that he would, which is all Amir needs to brandish his ego and confirm that he is suave above Hassan. Furthermore, Amir is also jealous because his father, whom he longs for his flattery, seems to favor Hassan. Hassan is athletic and Baba,Amir’s father, has said that he associates himself with Hassan over Amir. Amir’s jealousy arose from his avid sideline and evident failure to achieve his father’s illusive approval.\r\nBecause of the lack of approval from his father, Amir finds it necessary to tear down feather Hassan in order to build himself up. The friendship exemplified in The Kite Runner is truly weak because Amir thinks of Hassan as his servant, which explains why he is constantly testing him and does not stand up for him as a true friend would do. Hazaras are not veritable in the Afghan society that Hassan and Amir grew up in, only when Amir does not refute the biased and anti-Semite(a) culture set out in front of him. Instead, he embraces it.\r\nEven at the susceptible age of twelve, Amir is sur showcase aware of the principles of right and disparage and he chooses to do wrong. He chooses to do wrong because he feels he volition flight of stairs from the struggles Hassan has brought upon him. Hassan learns harassed by his peers, an eccentric of this is when Assef, the local anaesthetic bully, bullies him by saying, â€Å"Afghanistan is the land of the Pashtuns. It of all fourth dimension has been, always bequeath be. We are the true Afghans, the light Afghans, not this Flat-Nose here. His people pollute our homeland, our watan.\r\nThey grimy our blood….. How can you talk to him, encounter with him, let him touch you? â€Å". When Hassan is harassed, Amir does nothing. Instead, he almost blurts out that Hassan is nothing unless a servant when in position he spends all of his abandon time playing like true friends play. Amir wants to be authorized b y his peers, peers such as Assef, Wali, and Kamal. He wants to be accepted with such a passion that he chooses to disregard his friend in order to gain approval from these boys. Amir ends up sacrificing his morals for popularity.\r\nAn other(a) example of how Amir is a coward and only wants to be accepted by his peers and his father is when he turns his backwards on Hassan when Hassan is raped. Hassan gets raped by Assef musical composition trying to complete the task of kite running for Amir. Amir witnesses this horrible act and does nothing to stop it. He does not step in to help his friend because he believes that Hassan is sacrificing himself for him. This is a completely egocentric thought on Amir’s part because no one should have to bear another persons burden, blush if one person is another person’s servant.\r\nThe choice made by Amir to sacrifice his morals and rationalize his decisions forever and a day haunts him and makes it harder to wetting the power of his own guiltiness. Amir is clearly an emotionally unstable person, but his resentment towards Hassan is deepened because of his own guilt. Amir feels ingrained guilt after he watches his friend get raped in an alley. by and by witnessing this he feels that he can no longer be in the uniform room as Hassan. â€Å"I’d hear Hassan shuffling around the kitchen in the morning, hear the clinking of silverware, the whistle of the teapot.\r\nI’d wait to hear the door shut and only then I would walk down to eat” is an example of how he tries to avoid him. This shows that Amir cannot face his guilt. he knows that he has done something wrong but refuses to confront it and redeem himself and his friendship with Hassan. Amir realizes that he has done a grave dishonor to Hassan. He believed that he was a â€Å"monster” that caused Hassan so practically trouble. Amir comes to terms with the fact that he is a selfish, immature person, yet instead of accepting that fact and trying to get Hassan’s forgiveness, he once again betrays his friendship.\r\nBecause Hassan is a reflection of Amir’s guilt, Amir believes in an elementary mood that if he rids himself of what to him is the symbol of his guilt, he will also be freed of the guilt. This is why he frames Hassan of thievery. This plan to accuse Hassan of thievery howevertually backfires and causes Amir even more ad hominem anguish. Hassan then left and even though Amir felt his absence would free him from the guilt and jealousy, he ends up even more full of guilt.\r\nAmir thinks of Hassan as less worthy human being even though he is jealous of him, this mix of jealousy and resentment leads to a guilt that Amir handles unethically. Amir treats Hassan more like a dog. He believes that he can treat him as approximately as possible, but the animal will be forever loyal. Amir does not believe that he needs to take hold Hassan, since Hassan is ultimately there to sacrifice himself for Amir. Amir is jealous of Hassan because of Hassan’s approval take in by Baba, and this causes Amir to search for other ways to expand his ego.\r\nAmir resents Hassan because of the guilt that Amir has caused himself. The choices made by Amir and Hassan defined who they were and who they would become. Amir allows his original thoughts virtually Hassan, thoughts of loyalty and true friendship, to be crooked because he is weak. Although Amir and Hassan carved their call into a tree, Amir’s geek hinders their ability to be best friends and their follow is a far cry from even an equal friendship. While trying to escape the grasps of jealousy and guilt, Amir ultimately move deeper in the hole he take himself.\r\n'

'Curriculum Development\r'

'AN OVERVIEW OF plan Introduction Ever since the term course of study was bestowed to educators vocabularies, it has seemed to convey much(prenominal) things to umpteen populate. To some, course of study has de n one and only(a)d a specific course, date to others it has meant the entire studyal environment. Whereas perceptions of the term whitethorn vary, it must be recognized that figurer computer platformmeme encom makees more than a simple commentary. programme is a key element in the readingal cognitive operation; its orbital cavity is passing broad, and it touches virtu eithery e veryone who is involved with teaching and take removeing.Origin of im time The idea of course of study is hardly in the raw †lonesome(prenominal) if the way we lowstand and job it has altered over the age †and at that place remains considerable dispute as to substance. The word broadcast originated in antediluvian Rome as a transport race course. Juliu s Caesar talked intimately which team of horses, driver, carry would be able to run the political program fastest. It was, literall(a)y, a course. In Latin class was a racing chariot; currere was to run. â€Å"Currere is derived from the Latin infinitive verb that means ‘to run the racecourse.historic Definitions of course of study Historical expositions typically envision computer programme as a planned sequence of attainment or instructional experiences that a pupil/learner is subjected to under the auspices of the give instruction. To be sure these descriptions limited the application of curricular experiences to the rail fallting. Emergent definitions spend a penny looked at course more broadly. According to Connelly and Clandinin course of study â€Å" chamberpot be viewed as a persons life experience. ” This definition sees merit callable to the change in engineering.Connelly and Clandinins’ definition came some(prenominal) decades after Smith, Good, Taba, Foshay and Tanner. Technology has influenced the medium in which programme is delivered. There is no â€Å"traditional way” anymore. â€Å"Ones life course of carry out” result determine what pass on be studied and how. Influences and Developments course of instruction has had strong historic roots. From before Tyler crafted the major questions that we ask salubrious-nigh program (Tyler,1949), theorists assume been concerned about the ways in which teachers and disciplines plan acquirement experiences for all learners.These pre-occupations baffle influenced the festering of course theory from the outset. Invariably, curriculum has pertinacious been influenced by factors outside of the direct. Such influences hold history, order of magnitude, psychological science and politics. Social and Political Influences and plat work maturation Social and political trainings thrust endlessly contri scarcelyed to ideas about the components and definitions of curriculum. At the turn of the century Franklin Bobbit constructed his definition of curriculum on the tail end of objectives ground on adult work life (Bobbit,1918).Social emphasis was on the growth of science and industry this approach likewise influenced the curriculum theories of other thinkers of the time. John Deweys definition of curriculum which though a more march onive in that it accented on encyclopaedism by doing rather than rote nurture and dogmatic instruction in addition maintained some influence from this vault of heaven of science and industry. In 1891 William Torrey Harris introduced the idea of unionised encyclopedism and ontogeny with text books. Has functional application of a systematization of the curriculum laid the groundwork for an industrialized mildew of curriculum implementation.Other societal influences to the curriculum include legal decisions and government policy. Brown v. visiting card of Education was a landmar k episode in the history of Ameri potentiometer education. The mooring was in response to social events which secure racialized instructing and curriculum in the unite States. From the 1892 Plessy v. Ferguson case, the precedent of â€Å"separate but fit” was set, resulting in separate schools for white and foul children. The Brown decision set the coiffe for more aggressive centralized decision- fashioning at the Federal level with regards to overt education.It set the stage for Congress to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Elementary and collateral Education Act of 1965. Furthermore, it is unlikely that the section of Education would shoot been established in 1979, were it not for the Brown decision in 1954. Social and political influences pretend contributed to education having mandated norms. There atomic number 18 mandated times that atomic number 18 allotted for each subject as salutary as mandated subjects. In numerous sectors, much(prenomin al) as local school districts and school boards, curriculum is considered to be the decreed indite document from the higher authority.Such a document is seen as a mandated templet that must be followed by all teachers. Technology Advances Technological change is redefining not only how we communicate, but in turn, is redefining how we imply to educate. The ready availability of information has decrease the necessity for a curriculum that is teacher centered and rooted in the aim to prepargon citizens for an industrial society. The fuck offment of analytic skills and higher order thinking is increasingly an important focus of the modern curriculum.The stakeholders and enkindle conventions in this fulfill be many and varied, with pressure for change and reform brought from teachers, schools and school councils, government authorities, industry and educatees themselves. every have differing perspectives on the best curriculum training models to deal with this change. As te chnology advances and the domain of a function undergoes massive changes, theorists leave behind redefine definitions. Influences of forthcoming times will regulate sweet definitions. It would only make sense for the definition of curriculum to change as advances have been do in the world and will continue to be made.A true tec or theorists will collect new data, conduct new experiments to challenge and add to the beginning founders definitions of curriculum. As you read and enquiry you to will either create or adapt your own definition of curriculum and this definition will be a result of what is going on in the world, your economic status and your views of education. New technology based definitions would include wording to patch up the times. In preparing for the working world, which at get is technical, curriculum would include electronic, computerized verbiage.What was once cognise as a textbook will become prehistoric. More and more computer based acquisition is occu rring and curriculum will be intentional to quicken early life skills. Figure 1: lineage: http://en. wikibooks. org/wiki/File: class_Definitions. jpg Definitions of â€Å" course” Definitions of the curriculum varies from the simplest list of subjects to be taken for a particular(prenominal) program or degree to the more or less complex definition as a breeding experience to master a particular educational goal. This in any case suggests that there is no universally accepted definition of the term curriculum.Allan Glatthorn (1987, p. 1) said : â€Å"Even experts can’t agree on what curriculum means. Below you will find a list of definitions of curriculum. 1. John Kerr defines curriculum as, ‘All the cultivation which is planned and guided by the school, whether it is carried on in groups or individually, in spite of appearance or outside the school. (quoted in Kelly 1983: 10; see overly, Kelly 1999). This gives us some buttocks to move on †and for the moment all we need to do is highlight deuce of the key features: a. Learning is planned and guided. We have to specify in advance what we argon seeking to achieve and how we argon to go about it. . The definition refers to training. We should recognize that our stream appreciation of curriculum theory and utilisation emerged in the school and in similarity to other schooling ideas such as subject and lesson. 2. Allan Glatthorn defines curriculum as a plan made for guiding instruction in schools, ordinarily presented in recoverable documents of several levels of generality, and the implementation of those plans in the schoolroom; It in addition includes those experiences that take place in a development environment that in addition influences what is learned. Glatthorn,) According to Flordeliza Reyes, (Engineering the political platform) Glatthorn’s definition is very comprehensive because it covers both the curriculum plans (guides) and their implementation s (instruction). Reyes also stressed that the limitation of Glatthorn’s definition is that it excludes knowledge experiences, which are planned by the curriculum developer or by the teacher, but are not presented in written form or documents. (P. 1) 3.Flordeliza Reyes delimit curriculum as the totality of curricular glut (subject matter) and learning experiences the learner goes through to achieve think educational purposes or outcomes against which his progress will be evaluated. (Ibid. , ) Inherent in Reyes’ definition are the four prefatory anatomical components of the curriculum: a. Educational purposes or mean educational outcomes; b. Curricular surfeit or subject matter cover by the curriculum; c. Learning experiences the educatee goes through; and d. Evaluation scheme to value the extent to which the educational purposes or learning outcomes have been achieved. . Some authors define curriculum as the total effort of the school to bring about desired out comes in school and out-of-school situations. It is also defined as a sequence of dominance experiences set up in school for the purpose of disciplining children and youth in group ways of thinking and acting. a. Howell and Evans define curriculum a structured set of learning outcomes or tasks that educators normally call goals and objectives (1995). piece of music other writers define curriculum as the â€Å"what of teaching”, or â€Å"listing of subjects to be taught in school. ” b. a plan or program for all the experiences that the leader encounters under the direction of the school. ” Peter F. Oliva (1997, p. 8) c. â€Å"Curriculum development is a process whereby the choices of designing a learning experience for students are made and then activated through a set of coordinated activities. ” Wiles ; Bondi (1998, p. 3) d. â€Å"The ‘curriculum, refers not only to the official list of courses offered by the schoolâ€we call that the ‘of ficial curriculumâ€but also to the purposes, content, activities, and organization of the educational program actually created in schools by teachers, students, and administrators. Walker & vitamin A; Soltis (1997, p. 1) e. Curriculum is a verb, an activity, or for William Pinar, an secret journey. The modern curriculum development precept has truncated the etymological meaning and trim back curriculum to a noun, the racecourse itself. Thus, generations of educators have been schooled to believe that the curriculum is a evident object, the lesson plans we implement, or the course guides we follow, rather than the process of running the racecourse. ” Patrick Slattery (1995, p. 56) f. The curriculum of a school, or a course, or a classroom can be conceived of as a series of planned events that are intended to have educational consequences for one or more students. ” Elliot Eisner (1985, p. 45) g. â€Å"Curriculum is an explicitly and implicitly intentional set of interactions designed to facilitate learning and development and to impose meaning on experience. ” Miller & trafficker (1990, p. 3) Thus, it can be said that a curriculum is a document which describes a structured series of learning objectives and outcomes for a minded(p) subject matter area.It includes a specification of what should be learned, how it should be taught, and the plan for implementing/assessing the learning The Subsystems of Curriculum Inferring from the different definitions of curriculum, it can be deduced that there are ternion sub-systems. Garcia enumerates the following(Curriculum Design, p. 7-8) 1. The formal curriculum which normally refers to the Philosophy, Mission, Vision, Objectives of the school alongside with the subjects and the activities needed deliver the instruction.Lesson plans, seance guides, modules, as well as syllabi are also considered part of the formal curriculum. In short, formal curriculum is the primary focus of the curricul um. 2. The Extra Class or Curriculum Extension includes co-curricular activities like school papers, sundry(a) student organizations, convocations, and the like, as well as ancillary school services such as guidance service, library service, health, canteen and the like which are primarily intended to support the formal curriculum. 3. The Hidden Curriculum is either supportive of or impertinent to the formal curriculum and the extra curriculum.The orphic curriculum includes the school policies, rules and regulations including school climate. CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT vs CURRICULUM ENGINEERING Curriculum engineering is comprised of the following processes: curriculum development, (the process of up(p) an existing curriculum or making a new curriculum) curriculum implementation,(the process of ensuring that the planned or designed curriculum has been adapted or implemented) and curriculum valuation (process of determining the effectiveness of the curriculum as well as the aptitude of its implementation).Hence, curriculum engineering comprises all processes and activities that are necessary to keep the school curriculum dynamic and functional. (Reyes, p. 3) Curriculum development is defined as the process of selecting, organizing, executing and evaluating the learning experiences on the basis of the needs, abilities, and interest of learners, and on the basis of the temperament of the society or community. (Saguil et al, p. 15) It takes into consideration the following factors: 1.The nature of society which includes the cultural heritage, the needs and demands as well as the economic, social, political, cultural, moral and other concerns of the people; 2. The interest, the needs, previous experiences and problems of the learners; and 3. The educational and psychological principles based on the findings of scientific studies and experimentation. It can also be said that curriculum development is a continuous process for the possibilities of improving the teac hing †learning situation.Its goal is a positive change; process; fault in the lives of the learners based on schools kick and goals. It should be produced in coordinated program of meaningful experiences for learner’s development. (2009 Ed. ) Curriculum development is a decision-making process that involves a variety of concerns. (Bago). An ideal curriculum engineering involves different stakeholders, ranging from the School superintendent, principals, and curriculum directors. (Beauchamp, 1981).These shall be assisted by administrators and teachers who are either subject specialists, generalists, or trained curriculum specialists; experts in specific disciplines who act as consultants; a classroom teacher who is answerable for the implementation of the curriculum; lay persons who are experts from industry (industry practitioner); and students and alumni to give feedback regarding the curriculum creation evaluated can be apply for advantage purposes. (Reyes: p. 4) discipline or Course, Session or Lesson Plan, Syllabus, Field of break down & program In order to have a better understanding of curriculum, the ollowing must be considered, though different from a curriculum, are related to the concept of curriculum: Subject (for Basic Education)/ Course for Tertiary and grad studies consists of learning content and experiences that can be ideal by the learner inwardly a school term for which a credit unit is earned. Philosophy, Philippine History, side of meat 1, Math 1, are examples of subject or course. Session or Lesson Plan aroundly consists of objectives, content or subject matter, learning experience or activities, as well as evaluation of the learning. SyllabusThe single most important instrument of structure in a course is the SYLLABUS, which outlines the goals and objectives of a course, prerequisites, the evaluate/evaluation scheme, materials to be used (textbooks, software), topics to be cover, a docket, and a bibliography . Each of these components defines the nature of the learning experience. Goals and objectives identify the expected outcomes and scope of the course as determined by the instructor or course designer, limiting the domain of knowledge for the learner. Prerequisites limit the student population to those with certain kinds of learning experiences, usually other courses.The grading or evaluation scheme tells students what kind of learning activities are to be valued (e. g. , assignments, tests, papers, projects), that is, the currency of learning in this particular course. Topics to be covered specify the content that the instructor feels is important. The schedule provides a timetable for learning, usually with milestones in the form of due dates or tests. Field of Study refers to a combination of subjects or courses comprising one of the standard disciplines that can be completed by a learner crosswise school basis.Example, Social Science as a field of study is comprised of but not limited to History, Sociology, Economics, Psychology. Program is usually completed in more than one year. It is the most expansive example or part of curriculum. The completion of a program enables the learner to proceed to the next or higher level of schooling such as nursery to kindergarten, preparatory, elementary, secondary tertiary, polish to post graduate studies. Other terms Related to Curriculum Engineering Curriculum Plan is the advance arrangement of learning opportunities for a particular population of learners.Curriculum film is the written curriculum plan. Curriculum prep is the process whereby these arrangements of curriculum plans or learning opportunities are created. Curriculum Laboratory is a place or workshop where curriculum materials are gathered or used by teachers or learners of curriculum. Resource whole is a collection or suggested learning activities and materials organized around a given topic or area which a teacher might utilize in planning, developin g, and evaluating a learning unit.\r\nCurriculum development\r\nAn Analysis of Philippine Educational Curriculum” To attain the progress of our country, the quality of education is one of the factors which contributes to the development of our economy and to have the quality of education, the national curriculum should set a clear direction and should have an empowered teaching force work by excellent teachers that are mighty guided by supervisors, and conducive learning environment that fosters learning among students that includes materials, technology. ND learning resources. In our country, it takes ten years of schooling under basic education and students armorial started going to school at the age of 6 in elementary level, starts in regularise 1 up to Grade 6. And proceeds to High School which takes 4 years and after finishing that long years, at the age of 16, they continue study to higher education.Compared to other developed country, it takes 12 to 13 years of scho oling in the basic education. As what Vive read, it says that the longer years of schooling means more learning, more time spent to master skills and develop competencies, deepening of learning outcomes, and more opportunities to be exposed to the learning environment.\r\n'

'Procter and Gamble Europe Essay\r'

'I. Introduction\r\nSince the end of World state of contend II, argumentation organizations in the United States argon becoming closer together with businesses in the European region. There be some(prenominal) reasons of this business behavior. First is the geographical location. geographically speaking, Europe is the next logical bar for foreign enlargement after the north-central Ameri base continent has been fully explored. insurgent is the cultural and technological situation in Europe. Reports indicated that some nations in Europe has became to a greater extent(prenominal) Americanized in engineering and much importantly, polish (Hilger, 2006).\r\nProcter and run a risk, one of the most ack nowledged companies in the United States have in like manner had a significant presence in the European grocery today, particularly in Germany. In this paper, we will discuss Procter and adventure’s decision to hit the roof their business into the European continent an d how the decision relates to Procter and Gamble’s corporal strategy.\r\nII. P & antiophthalmic factor; G Corporate Culture\r\nIn the friendship’s yearly report and reports from outside observers, there are actually heterogeneous traits in Procter and Gamble’s trading operations that condition their uniqueness in the domainwide market. However, some of those bodied cultures are more in line with the European expansion strategy, compare to the others. Some of them are:\r\n· variety show\r\nIn the partnership’s formalized website, it is mentioned that concourse at Procter and Gamble are united by the commonality and of corporate values and goals. Diversity is considered as the uniqueness of each of them that will help fulfilling corporate goals. The association has a human imagination system that is knowing to ensure that eachthing working for everyone and as the ships company became more diverse, the company encourage collaboration e ven more and stresses the importance of fully utilize individualities of people at Procter and Gamble. This culture should work hale to support Procter and Gamble’s decisions to fare international expansion.\r\n· Innovation\r\nThe root alike relies intemperately on its qualification to inn oviform and create new things from merely ideas. The root applies about a dozen lens nucleus technologies to amplify this particular competitory advantage. Furthermore, the group has connected its ingrained innovation capability to vast external network of scientists, technology problem solvers and corporate inventors. Procter and Gamble treasure innovation as a do that can be refined perpetually to produce more robust and tried and true results. This particular capability to inn ovate has also been a contri plainlyive factor in to Procter and Gamble’s decision to billow abroad. By tapping into this capability, the company can aline to local environments and create new and mod products.\r\n· Market Leadership\r\nSpokesperson of the company has once said in the spunk of a launching campaign that Procter and Gamble put forth many warring advantages like consumer oriented strategy and innovation, but most importantly, the company also stresses intemperately on market leadership. In its annual report, it is repeatedly give tongue to that the company is intentional to win in miscellaneous aspects of the spherical business competition. The company spends huge percentages of their pelf each financial period on marketing campaigns because they believe in being a winner in every market they get themselves into. Analysts believed that this value also makes it more appealing for Procter and Gamble to expand their business into Europe, especially after the war was over and created a more supportive atmosphere for international expansions.\r\n· Focus on Growth\r\nProcter and Gamble also stated in its annual report that the company as a who le, is designed for growth. In other words, corporate concern is unendingly looking for growth opportunity whether internally or externally. Thus, a chance to gravel business into a new market will obviously be sensed as another manner to return off growth.\r\nIII. Strategy by P&G\r\nIII.1. Human Re parentage trouble Investments\r\nDespite the cultures of the company that supported corporate expansion into Europe, the group must mollify adapt to the changes between American business culture and European. unrivalled of the greatest changes in Procter and Gamble is inwardly the human alternative department. As the company entered the new market, management has formed a project police squad to compare between the current employee work and the expectations of Procter and Gamble. In the case of Europe expansion, Procter and Gamble has also developed a strategic alliance with IBM and transferred this value into corporate competitive advantage.\r\n Procter and Gamble al so uses their HR report card jitneys to unionized how the business is performed within the company. across the whole Europe, management have organized the HR business accounts to mirror the way the business is organized, and the HR account manager is responsible for ensuring that the team delivers business results in a way that commits growth. Overall, Procter and Gamble has make huge investments in its Europe HP structure, but the new beat has now become a significant source of operational and strategic competitive advantages within the continent (Mandiese, 2006).\r\nIII.2. Communication strategy changes\r\n on with the European expansion, Procter and Gamble has also invested heavily in changing its information technology. One of the changes Procter and Gamble has made is shifting from media preparedness to communication planning. This was as much as an industry effort as it is an internal initiative. Procter and Gamble might not be the only company embracing the consumer-c entric start to the media, but Procter and Gamble did it in quite an a high-profile fashion that the marketing world surrounding the company must pay attention to the new philosophy. The company kept up(p) a consistent focus on media creativity and also pushed to develop a broadband video upfront marketplace.\r\nIV. The Vizir arrange\r\n(no data…)\r\nV. Change Management lesson\r\nThe change management baffle that can be suggested to Procter and Gamble is the three timbre change model. This change model essentially contains three locomote, which are: unfreezing, moving and re-freezing. These beats however, can be modified harmonize to the extent of change that must be performed. For small projects, companies primarily go for the luminousness model. The Medium-Sized Model on the other perish is created for the majority of project. For complicated projects, people generally use the Complex Model. When the element of time is crucial, and so the suitable modificatio n is the expeditious model. The last variation is the one designed for a slow type of change, which is the Day-by-day model (Baekdal, 2006).\r\nFor Procter and Gamble on the other hand, which contains various products for various customer segment, the Complex model is the most suitable. In the Complex model, the unfreezing shout contains phases like: analyzing the problem to understand what is in truth going on and the reason of it, and then understanding the cost and benefits of a change. Afterwards, the company should explain the situation to members of the company and hear to their comments.\r\nThe next phase includes invalidating the sacrifice rules and policies and defines new visions, new goals and finally generate a plan. The move step in the Complex model includes explaining the logics of the new vision, foreign mission and goals and getting everyone on board. Afterwards, the team should listen to everyone’s comment, evaluate the plan and go under the plan bas ed on the feedbacks. In the re-freezing step, management should define new rules and policies and define the new way of living for the company. This step includes constantly renewing the energy and evaluating the results (Baekdal, 2006).\r\n'